Non-finite forms
Infinitivo and Gerundio
| Form | Spanish | Use |
|---|---|---|
| Infinitivo | servir | Dictionary form and base form for many compound structures. |
| Gerundio | sirviendo | Used with estar for progressive forms, for example estar sirviendo. |
servir is an irregular Spanish -IR verb meaning serve. In the present tense: yo sirvo, tú sirves, él/ella sirve, nosotros servimos, vosotros servís, ellos sirven. Full conjugation across 18 tenses below.
Infinitivo and Gerundio
| Form | Spanish | Use |
|---|---|---|
| Infinitivo | servir | Dictionary form and base form for many compound structures. |
| Gerundio | sirviendo | Used with estar for progressive forms, for example estar sirviendo. |
Present
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | sirvo | Yo sirvo la cena a las ocho en punto.I serve dinner at eight o'clock sharp. |
| tú | sirves | Tú sirves café a todos los invitados.You serve coffee to all the guests. |
| él | sirve | Él sirve de ejemplo para los demás.He serves as an example for the others. |
| nosotros | servimos | Nosotros servimos comida caliente cada día.We serve hot food every day. |
| vosotros | servís | Vosotros servís bebidas frías en verano.You serve cold drinks in summer. |
| ellos | sirven | Ellos sirven apoyo a toda la comunidad.They serve support to the whole community. |
Present Perfect
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | he servido | Yo he servido ya la sopa en la mesa.I have already served the soup on the table. |
| tú | has servido | Tú has servido de ayuda esta semana.You have served as help this week. |
| él | ha servido | Él ha servido café a todos esta mañana.He has served coffee to everyone this morning. |
| nosotros | hemos servido | Nosotros hemos servido de apoyo al equipo.We have served as support to the team. |
| vosotros | habéis servido | Vosotros habéis servido el postre demasiado pronto.You have served the dessert too early. |
| ellos | han servido | Ellos han servido comidas sencillas hoy.They have served simple meals today. |
Preterite
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | serví | Ayer yo serví la cena sin ayuda.Yesterday I served dinner without help. |
| tú | serviste | Tú serviste de guía durante el viaje.You served as a guide during the trip. |
| él | sirvió | Él sirvió agua a toda la mesa.He served water to the whole table. |
| nosotros | servimos | Nosotros servimos de ejemplo para el grupo.We served as an example for the group. |
| vosotros | servisteis | Vosotros servisteis el almuerzo a tiempo.You served lunch on time. |
| ellos | sirvieron | Ellos sirvieron comida casera en la fiesta.They served homemade food at the party. |
Imperfect
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | servía | Yo servía la cena cada noche a la misma hora.I used to serve dinner every night at the same time. |
| tú | servías | Tú servías de enlace entre ambos equipos.You used to serve as a link between both teams. |
| él | servía | Él servía té a los clientes por la tarde.He used to serve tea to the customers in the afternoon. |
| nosotros | servíamos | Nosotros servíamos comidas rápidas en ese local.We used to serve quick meals in that place. |
| vosotros | servíais | Vosotros servíais de ayuda en cada evento.You used to serve as help in every event. |
| ellos | servían | Ellos servían sopa caliente en invierno.They used to serve hot soup in winter. |
Past Perfect
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | había servido | Yo había servido ya el postre cuando llegaste.I had already served the dessert when you arrived. |
| tú | habías servido | Tú habías servido de apoyo antes de irte.You had served as support before leaving. |
| él | había servido | Él había servido café a todos los invitados.He had served coffee to all the guests. |
| nosotros | habíamos servido | Nosotros habíamos servido la cena hacía rato.We had served dinner a while earlier. |
| vosotros | habíais servido | Vosotros habíais servido de ejemplo en otras ocasiones.You had served as an example on other occasions. |
| ellos | habían servido | Ellos habían servido bebidas frías toda la tarde.They had served cold drinks all afternoon. |
Preterite Anterior
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | hube servido | Cuando yo hube servido la cena, me senté un momento.When I had served dinner, I sat down for a moment. |
| tú | hubiste servido | En cuanto tú hubiste servido de apoyo, te dieron las gracias.As soon as you had served as support, they thanked you. |
| él | hubo servido | Después de que él hubo servido el café, empezó la charla.After he had served the coffee, the conversation started. |
| nosotros | hubimos servido | Apenas nosotros hubimos servido el postre, llegaron más personas.As soon as we had served the dessert, more people arrived. |
| vosotros | hubisteis servido | Una vez que vosotros hubisteis servido la comida, descansasteis.Once you had served the food, you rested. |
| ellos | hubieron servido | Cuando ellos hubieron servido de ayuda, siguieron trabajando.When they had served as help, they kept working. |
Future
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | serviré | Yo serviré la cena en unos minutos.I will serve dinner in a few minutes. |
| tú | servirás | Tú servirás de apoyo al nuevo equipo.You will serve as support to the new team. |
| él | servirá | Él servirá café después de la reunión.He will serve coffee after the meeting. |
| nosotros | serviremos | Nosotros serviremos comidas ligeras mañana.We will serve light meals tomorrow. |
| vosotros | serviréis | Vosotros serviréis de ejemplo para otros.You will serve as an example for others. |
| ellos | servirán | Ellos servirán bebidas frías al final.They will serve cold drinks at the end. |
Future Perfect
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | habré servido | Para entonces yo habré servido toda la cena.By then I will have served the whole dinner. |
| tú | habrás servido | Tú habrás servido de apoyo en varias tareas.You will have served as support in several tasks. |
| él | habrá servido | Él habrá servido el café antes de las diez.He will have served the coffee before ten. |
| nosotros | habremos servido | Nosotros habremos servido todas las mesas.We will have served all the tables. |
| vosotros | habréis servido | Vosotros habréis servido de ejemplo suficientes veces.You will have served as an example enough times. |
| ellos | habrán servido | Ellos habrán servido la comida a todos.They will have served the food to everyone. |
Conditional
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | serviría | Yo serviría la cena más temprano con ayuda.I would serve dinner earlier with help. |
| tú | servirías | Tú servirías de apoyo sin problema.You would serve as support without a problem. |
| él | serviría | Él serviría café a todos con gusto.He would serve coffee to everyone gladly. |
| nosotros | serviríamos | Nosotros serviríamos comidas más simples.We would serve simpler meals. |
| vosotros | serviríais | Vosotros serviríais de ejemplo en esa situación.You would serve as an example in that situation. |
| ellos | servirían | Ellos servirían bebidas sin retraso.They would serve drinks without delay. |
Conditional Perfect
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | habría servido | Yo habría servido la cena antes con más tiempo.I would have served dinner earlier with more time. |
| tú | habrías servido | Tú habrías servido de apoyo durante toda la tarde.You would have served as support all afternoon. |
| él | habría servido | Él habría servido café si hubieran llegado antes.He would have served coffee if they had arrived earlier. |
| nosotros | habríamos servido | Nosotros habríamos servido otra comida distinta.We would have served another different meal. |
| vosotros | habríais servido | Vosotros habríais servido de ejemplo otra vez.You would have served as an example again. |
| ellos | habrían servido | Ellos habrían servido bebidas más frías.They would have served colder drinks. |
Present Subjunctive
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | sirva | Espero que yo sirva bien esta noche.I hope that I serve well tonight. |
| tú | sirvas | Quiero que tú sirvas de apoyo al grupo.I want you to serve as support to the group. |
| él | sirva | Es importante que él sirva el café ahora.It is important that he serve the coffee now. |
| nosotros | sirvamos | Deseo que nosotros sirvamos la cena a tiempo.I wish that we serve dinner on time. |
| vosotros | sirváis | Es mejor que vosotros sirváis de ejemplo.It is better that you serve as an example. |
| ellos | sirvan | Temo que ellos no sirvan comida suficiente.I fear that they may not serve enough food. |
Present Perfect Subjunctive
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | haya servido | Dudo que yo haya servido bien hoy.I doubt that I have served well today. |
| tú | hayas servido | No creo que tú hayas servido de apoyo de verdad.I do not think that you have truly served as support. |
| él | haya servido | Es posible que él haya servido ya el café.It is possible that he has served the coffee already. |
| nosotros | hayamos servido | Es probable que nosotros hayamos servido toda la cena.It is likely that we have served the whole dinner. |
| vosotros | hayáis servido | No parece que vosotros hayáis servido de ejemplo suficiente.It does not seem that you have served as enough of an example. |
| ellos | hayan servido | Puede que ellos hayan servido la comida muy tarde.They may have served the food very late. |
Imperfect Subjunctive
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | sirviera | Si yo sirviera mejor, me llamarían otra vez.If I served better, they would call me again. |
| tú | sirvieras | Si tú sirvieras de apoyo, todo sería más fácil.If you served as support, everything would be easier. |
| él | sirviera | Si él sirviera el café ahora, podríamos seguir.If he served the coffee now, we could continue. |
| nosotros | sirviéramos | Si nosotros sirviéramos la cena antes, descansaríamos pronto.If we served dinner earlier, we would rest soon. |
| vosotros | sirvierais | Si vosotros sirvierais de ejemplo, os escucharían.If you served as an example, they would listen to you. |
| ellos | sirvieran | Si ellos sirvieran comida caliente, volveríamos.If they served hot food, we would come back. |
Past Perfect Subjunctive
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | hubiera servido | Si yo hubiera servido mejor, me habrían contratado.If I had served better, they would have hired me. |
| tú | hubieras servido | Si tú hubieras servido de apoyo, habría sido más simple.If you had served as support, it would have been simpler. |
| él | hubiera servido | Si él hubiera servido el café antes, no esperaríamos.If he had served the coffee earlier, we would not be waiting. |
| nosotros | hubiéramos servido | Si nosotros hubiéramos servido la cena a tiempo, estaríamos tranquilos.If we had served dinner on time, we would be calm. |
| vosotros | hubierais servido | Si vosotros hubierais servido de ejemplo, habrían cambiado.If you had served as an example, they would have changed. |
| ellos | hubieran servido | Si ellos hubieran servido comida suficiente, nadie se quejaría.If they had served enough food, nobody would complain. |
Future Subjunctive
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | sirviere | Si algún día yo sirviere otra vez aquí, lo haré mejor.If someday I should serve here again, I will do it better. |
| tú | sirvieres | Si tú sirvieres de apoyo, avísame.If you should serve as support, let me know. |
| él | sirviere | Si él sirviere el café ahora, seguiremos hablando.If he should serve the coffee now, we will keep talking. |
| nosotros | sirviéremos | Si nosotros sirviéremos la cena pronto, acabaremos antes.If we should serve dinner soon, we will finish earlier. |
| vosotros | sirviereis | Si vosotros sirviereis de ejemplo, os imitarán.If you should serve as an example, they will imitate you. |
| ellos | sirvieren | Si ellos sirvieren comida caliente, todo mejorará.If they should serve hot food, everything will improve. |
Future Perfect Subjunctive
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | hubiere servido | Cuando yo hubiere servido toda la cena, me sentaré.When I shall have served the whole dinner, I will sit down. |
| tú | hubieres servido | Cuando tú hubieres servido de apoyo, te lo agradecerán.When you shall have served as support, they will thank you. |
| él | hubiere servido | Cuando él hubiere servido el café, empezará la charla.When he shall have served the coffee, the conversation will begin. |
| nosotros | hubiéremos servido | Cuando nosotros hubiéremos servido la comida, descansaremos.When we shall have served the meal, we will rest. |
| vosotros | hubiereis servido | Cuando vosotros hubiereis servido de ejemplo, hablarán bien de vosotros.When you shall have served as an example, they will speak well of you. |
| ellos | hubieren servido | Cuando ellos hubieren servido todo, cerrarán el local.When they shall have served everything, they will close the place. |
Affirmative Imperative
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | - | — |
| tú | sirve | Tú, sirve la cena ahora.You, serve dinner now. |
| él | sirva | Que él sirva el café primero.Let him serve the coffee first. |
| nosotros | sirvamos | sirvamos de apoyo al equipo.Let us serve as support to the team. |
| vosotros | servid | Vosotros, servid la comida caliente.You, serve the food hot. |
| ellos | sirvan | Que ellos sirvan bebidas frías.Let them serve cold drinks. |
Negative Imperative
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | - | — |
| tú | no sirvas | No no sirvas la cena tan tarde.Do not serve dinner so late. |
| él | no sirva | Que él no no sirva café frío.Let him not serve cold coffee. |
| nosotros | no sirvamos | No no sirvamos de ejemplo para eso.Let us not serve as an example for that. |
| vosotros | no sirváis | No no sirváis comida sin revisar.Do not serve food without checking it. |
| ellos | no sirvan | Que ellos no no sirvan bebidas calientes ahora.Let them not serve hot drinks now. |
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Yo ___ la cena a las ocho en punto.
I serve dinner at eight o'clock sharp.
Use Presente for facts, habits, current states, and regular actions.
Formation
Pattern
Examples
Presente is the base system. Master the endings first, then handle irregular yo forms and stem changes.
Concepts that come up every time you conjugate servir. Each is a short, focused guide.
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Continue with verbs that share the same ending and difficulty band.