Non-finite forms
Infinitivo and Gerundio
| Form | Spanish | Use |
|---|---|---|
| Infinitivo | cerrar | Dictionary form and base form for many compound structures. |
| Gerundio | cerrando | Used with estar for progressive forms, for example estar cerrando. |
cerrar is an irregular Spanish -AR verb meaning close / shut. In the present tense: yo cierro, tú cierras, él/ella cierra, nosotros cerramos, vosotros cerráis, ellos cierran. Full conjugation across 18 tenses below.
Infinitivo and Gerundio
| Form | Spanish | Use |
|---|---|---|
| Infinitivo | cerrar | Dictionary form and base form for many compound structures. |
| Gerundio | cerrando | Used with estar for progressive forms, for example estar cerrando. |
Present
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | cierro | Yo cierro la ventana por la noche.I close the window at night. |
| tú | cierras | Tú cierras los ojos por un segundo.You close your eyes for a second. |
| él | cierra | Él cierra la puerta con cuidado.He closes the door carefully. |
| nosotros | cerramos | Nosotros cerramos la tienda a las ocho.We close the shop at eight. |
| vosotros | cerráis | Vosotros cerráis el libro al final.You close the book at the end. |
| ellos | cierran | Ellos cierran el paso con una valla.They close the passage with a barrier. |
Present Perfect
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | he cerrado | Yo he cerrado la ventana ya.I have closed the window already. |
| tú | has cerrado | Tú has cerrado los ojos un momento.You have closed your eyes for a moment. |
| él | ha cerrado | Él ha cerrado la puerta con llave.He has closed the door with a key. |
| nosotros | hemos cerrado | Nosotros hemos cerrado la tienda temprano.We have closed the shop early. |
| vosotros | habéis cerrado | Vosotros habéis cerrado el libro muy rápido.You have closed the book very quickly. |
| ellos | han cerrado | Ellos han cerrado el paso esta mañana.They have closed the passage this morning. |
Preterite
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | cerré | Ayer yo cerré la ventana antes de salir.Yesterday I closed the window before leaving. |
| tú | cerraste | Tú cerraste los ojos al escuchar eso.You closed your eyes on hearing that. |
| él | cerró | Él cerró la puerta de golpe.He slammed the door shut. |
| nosotros | cerramos | Nosotros cerramos la tienda por lluvia.We closed the shop because of rain. |
| vosotros | cerrasteis | Vosotros cerrasteis el libro sin terminarlo.You closed the book without finishing it. |
| ellos | cerraron | Ellos cerraron el paso anoche.They closed the passage last night. |
Imperfect
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | cerraba | Yo cerraba la ventana todas las noches.I used to close the window every night. |
| tú | cerrabas | Tú cerrabas los ojos para pensar.You used to close your eyes to think. |
| él | cerraba | Él cerraba la puerta con cuidado siempre.He used to close the door carefully always. |
| nosotros | cerrábamos | Nosotros cerrábamos la tienda al anochecer.We used to close the shop at dusk. |
| vosotros | cerrabais | Vosotros cerrabais el libro enseguida.You used to close the book right away. |
| ellos | cerraban | Ellos cerraban el paso cuando nevaba.They used to close the passage when it snowed. |
Past Perfect
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | había cerrado | Yo había cerrado la ventana antes del ruido.I had closed the window before the noise. |
| tú | habías cerrado | Tú habías cerrado los ojos ya.You had closed your eyes already. |
| él | había cerrado | Él había cerrado la puerta previamente.He had closed the door previously. |
| nosotros | habíamos cerrado | Nosotros habíamos cerrado la tienda antes del aviso.We had closed the shop before the notice. |
| vosotros | habíais cerrado | Vosotros habíais cerrado el libro esa mañana.You had closed the book that morning. |
| ellos | habían cerrado | Ellos habían cerrado el paso antes de llegar.They had closed the passage before arriving. |
Preterite Anterior
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | hube cerrado | Cuando yo hube cerrado la ventana, empezó a llover.When I had closed the window, it started to rain. |
| tú | hubiste cerrado | En cuanto tú hubiste cerrado los ojos, respiraste.As soon as you had closed your eyes, you breathed. |
| él | hubo cerrado | Después de que él hubo cerrado la puerta, se fue.After he had closed the door, he left. |
| nosotros | hubimos cerrado | Apenas nosotros hubimos cerrado la tienda, llegó un cliente.As soon as we had closed the shop, a customer arrived. |
| vosotros | hubisteis cerrado | Una vez que vosotros hubisteis cerrado el libro, hablasteis.Once you had closed the book, you spoke. |
| ellos | hubieron cerrado | Cuando ellos hubieron cerrado el paso, hubo silencio.When they had closed the passage, there was silence. |
Future
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | cerraré | Yo cerraré la ventana luego.I will close the window later. |
| tú | cerrarás | Tú cerrarás los ojos un momento.You will close your eyes for a moment. |
| él | cerrará | Él cerrará la puerta al salir.He will close the door on leaving. |
| nosotros | cerraremos | Nosotros cerraremos la tienda pronto.We will close the shop soon. |
| vosotros | cerraréis | Vosotros cerraréis el libro ahora.You will close the book now. |
| ellos | cerrarán | Ellos cerrarán el paso mañana.They will close the passage tomorrow. |
Future Perfect
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | habré cerrado | Para entonces yo habré cerrado la ventana.By then I will have closed the window. |
| tú | habrás cerrado | Tú habrás cerrado los ojos antes de dormir.You will have closed your eyes before sleeping. |
| él | habrá cerrado | Él habrá cerrado la puerta para esa hora.He will have closed the door by that time. |
| nosotros | habremos cerrado | Nosotros habremos cerrado la tienda ya.We will have closed the shop already. |
| vosotros | habréis cerrado | Vosotros habréis cerrado el libro antes de cenar.You will have closed the book before dinner. |
| ellos | habrán cerrado | Ellos habrán cerrado el paso para entonces.They will have closed the passage by then. |
Conditional
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | cerraría | Yo cerraría la ventana si hiciera frío.I would close the window if it got cold. |
| tú | cerrarías | Tú cerrarías los ojos por miedo.You would close your eyes out of fear. |
| él | cerraría | Él cerraría la puerta sin ruido.He would close the door without noise. |
| nosotros | cerraríamos | Nosotros cerraríamos la tienda más tarde.We would close the shop later. |
| vosotros | cerraríais | Vosotros cerraríais el libro aquí.You would close the book here. |
| ellos | cerrarían | Ellos cerrarían el paso por seguridad.They would close the passage for safety. |
Conditional Perfect
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | habría cerrado | Yo habría cerrado la ventana si hubiera hecho frío.I would have closed the window if it had gotten cold. |
| tú | habrías cerrado | Tú habrías cerrado los ojos por miedo.You would have closed your eyes out of fear. |
| él | habría cerrado | Él habría cerrado la puerta sin ruido.He would have closed the door without noise. |
| nosotros | habríamos cerrado | Nosotros habríamos cerrado la tienda más tarde.We would have closed the shop later. |
| vosotros | habríais cerrado | Vosotros habríais cerrado el libro aquí.You would have closed the book here. |
| ellos | habrían cerrado | Ellos habrían cerrado el paso por seguridad.They would have closed the passage for safety. |
Present Subjunctive
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | cierre | Espero que yo cierre bien la ventana.I hope that I close the window properly. |
| tú | cierres | Quiero que tú cierres la puerta.I want you to close the door. |
| él | cierre | Es importante que él cierre la tienda a tiempo.It is important that he close the shop on time. |
| nosotros | cerremos | Deseo que nosotros cerremos el paso hoy.I wish that we close the passage today. |
| vosotros | cerréis | Es mejor que vosotros cerréis el libro ahora.It is better that you close the book now. |
| ellos | cierren | Temo que ellos no cierren la puerta bien.I fear that they may not close the door properly. |
Present Perfect Subjunctive
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | haya cerrado | Dudo que yo haya cerrado bien la ventana.I doubt that I have closed the window properly. |
| tú | hayas cerrado | No creo que tú hayas cerrado la puerta aún.I do not think that you have closed the door yet. |
| él | haya cerrado | Es posible que él haya cerrado la tienda ya.It is possible that he has closed the shop already. |
| nosotros | hayamos cerrado | Es probable que nosotros hayamos cerrado el paso.It is likely that we have closed the passage. |
| vosotros | hayáis cerrado | No parece que vosotros hayáis cerrado el libro todavía.It does not seem that you have closed the book yet. |
| ellos | hayan cerrado | Puede que ellos hayan cerrado la puerta.They may have closed the door. |
Imperfect Subjunctive
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | cerrara | Si yo cerrara la ventana, habría menos ruido.If I closed the window, there would be less noise. |
| tú | cerraras | Si tú cerraras la puerta, entraríamos.If you closed the door, we would go in. |
| él | cerrara | Si él cerrara la tienda antes, descansaría.If he closed the shop earlier, he would rest. |
| nosotros | cerráramos | Si nosotros cerráramos el paso, habría calma.If we closed the passage, there would be calm. |
| vosotros | cerrarais | Si vosotros cerrarais el libro, escucharíais mejor.If you closed the book, you would listen better. |
| ellos | cerraran | Si ellos cerraran la puerta, estaríamos seguros.If they closed the door, we would be safe. |
Past Perfect Subjunctive
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | hubiera cerrado | Si yo hubiera cerrado la ventana, habría habido menos ruido.If I had closed the window, there would have been less noise. |
| tú | hubieras cerrado | Si tú hubieras cerrado la puerta, habríamos entrado.If you had closed the door, we would have gone in. |
| él | hubiera cerrado | Si él hubiera cerrado la tienda antes, habría descansado.If he had closed the shop earlier, he would have rested. |
| nosotros | hubiéramos cerrado | Si nosotros hubiéramos cerrado el paso, habría habido calma.If we had closed the passage, there would have been calm. |
| vosotros | hubierais cerrado | Si vosotros hubierais cerrado el libro, habríais escuchado mejor.If you had closed the book, you would have listened better. |
| ellos | hubieran cerrado | Si ellos hubieran cerrado la puerta, habríamos estado seguros.If they had closed the door, we would have been safe. |
Future Subjunctive
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | cerrare | Si algún día yo cerrare la tienda, te avisaré.If someday I should close the shop, I will let you know. |
| tú | cerrares | Si tú cerrares la puerta, entraremos.If you should close the door, we will go in. |
| él | cerrare | Si él cerrare la ventana, dormiremos mejor.If he should close the window, we will sleep better. |
| nosotros | cerráremos | Si nosotros cerráremos el paso, no habrá ruido.If we should close the passage, there will be no noise. |
| vosotros | cerrareis | Si vosotros cerrareis el libro, empezaremos.If you should close the book, we will start. |
| ellos | cerraren | Si ellos cerraren la puerta, nadie saldrá.If they should close the door, nobody will leave. |
Future Perfect Subjunctive
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | hubiere cerrado | Cuando yo hubiere cerrado la ventana, apagaré la luz.When I shall have closed the window, I will turn off the light. |
| tú | hubieres cerrado | Cuando tú hubieres cerrado la puerta, hablaremos.When you shall have closed the door, we will talk. |
| él | hubiere cerrado | Cuando él hubiere cerrado la tienda, se irá a casa.When he shall have closed the shop, he will go home. |
| nosotros | hubiéremos cerrado | Cuando nosotros hubiéremos cerrado el paso, descansaremos.When we shall have closed the passage, we will rest. |
| vosotros | hubiereis cerrado | Cuando vosotros hubiereis cerrado el libro, preguntaré.When you shall have closed the book, I will ask. |
| ellos | hubieren cerrado | Cuando ellos hubieren cerrado la puerta, habrá silencio.When they shall have closed the door, there will be silence. |
Affirmative Imperative
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | - | — |
| tú | cierra | Tú, cierra la puerta ahora.You, close the door now. |
| él | cierre | Que él cierre la ventana.Let him close the window. |
| nosotros | cerremos | cerremos la tienda ya.Let us close the shop now. |
| vosotros | cerrad | Vosotros, cerrad el libro.You, close the book. |
| ellos | cierren | Que ellos cierren el paso.Let them close the passage. |
Negative Imperative
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | - | — |
| tú | no cierres | No no cierres la puerta todavía.Do not close the door yet. |
| él | no cierre | Que él no no cierre la ventana.Let him not close the window. |
| nosotros | no cerremos | No no cerremos la tienda tan pronto.Let us not close the shop so early. |
| vosotros | no cerréis | No no cerréis el libro aún.Do not close the book yet. |
| ellos | no cierren | Que ellos no no cierren el paso sin avisar.Let them not close the passage without warning. |
1 / 1
Yo ___ la ventana por la noche.
I close the window at night.
Use Presente for facts, habits, current states, and regular actions.
Formation
Pattern
Examples
Presente is the base system. Master the endings first, then handle irregular yo forms and stem changes.
Concepts that come up every time you conjugate cerrar. Each is a short, focused guide.
Short, direct answers to what learners search most about cerrar.
Continue with verbs that share the same ending and difficulty band.