Non-finite forms
Infinitivo and Gerundio
| Form | Spanish | Use |
|---|---|---|
| Infinitivo | apesadumbrar | Dictionary form and base form for many compound structures. |
| Gerundio | apesadumbrando | Used with estar for progressive forms, for example estar apesadumbrando. |
Spanish verb conjugation
Apesadumbrar conjugation
apesadumbrar is a regular Spanish -AR verb meaning sadden. In the present tense: yo apesadumbro, tú apesadumbras, él/ella apesadumbra, nosotros apesadumbramos, vosotros apesadumbráis, ellos apesadumbran. Full conjugation across 18 tenses below.
Rank #2144-ARRegular18 tense tables
At a glance
- Infinitive
- apesadumbrar
- Gerundio
- apesadumbrando
- Meaning
- sadden
- Pattern
- Regular
- Difficulty
- Level 2
Conjugation tables
Study tense
Study tense
Study tense
Study tense
Study tense
Study tense
Study tense
Study tense
Study tense
Study tense
Study tense
Study tense
Study tense
Study tense
Study tense
Study tense
Study tense
Study tense
Apesadumbrar across the MuyVerbs tense system
Study present continuous
Presente
Present
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | apesadumbro | Yo apesadumbro a mi madre con esa noticia.I sadden my mother with that news. |
| tú | apesadumbras | Normalmente, tú apesadumbras a tu amigo con esa carta.You usually sadden your friend with that letter. |
| él | apesadumbra | Hoy, la noticia del hospital apesadumbra a la familia entera en un minuto.Today, the news from the hospital saddens the whole family in a minute. |
| nosotros | apesadumbramos | A veces, nosotros apesadumbramos a todos con nuestro silencio.At times, we sadden everyone with our silence. |
| vosotros | apesadumbráis | Ahora, vosotros apesadumbráis a la abuela con esa discusión.Right now, you all sadden grandmother with that argument. |
| ellos | apesadumbran | Casi siempre, los recuerdos de invierno apesadumbran a cualquiera que los escuche.Most of the time, the winter memories sadden anyone who listens to them. |
Pretérito Perfecto
Present Perfect
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | he apesadumbrado | Este año, yo he apesadumbrado a mi madre con esa noticia.This year, I have saddened my mother with that news. |
| tú | has apesadumbrado | Últimamente, tú has apesadumbrado a tu amigo con esa carta.Lately, you have saddened your friend with that letter. |
| él | ha apesadumbrado | En estos meses, la noticia del hospital ha apesadumbrado a la familia entera en un minuto.In these months, the news from the hospital has saddened the whole family in a minute. |
| nosotros | hemos apesadumbrado | Hasta ahora, nosotros hemos apesadumbrado a todos con nuestro silencio.So far, we have saddened everyone with our silence. |
| vosotros | habéis apesadumbrado | En lo que va de curso, vosotros habéis apesadumbrado a la abuela con esa discusión.This term, you all have saddened grandmother with that argument. |
| ellos | han apesadumbrado | En este tiempo, los recuerdos de invierno han apesadumbrado a cualquiera que los escuche.During this time, the winter memories have saddened anyone who listens to them. |
Pretérito Indefinido
Preterite
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | apesadumbré | Ayer, yo apesadumbré a mi madre con esa noticia.Yesterday, I saddened my mother with that news. |
| tú | apesadumbraste | Hace un rato, tú apesadumbraste a tu amigo con esa carta.A little while ago, you saddened your friend with that letter. |
| él | apesadumbró | Esta mañana, la noticia del hospital apesadumbró a la familia entera en un minuto.This morning, the news from the hospital saddened the whole family in a minute. |
| nosotros | apesadumbramos | Anoche, nosotros apesadumbramos a todos con nuestro silencio.Last night, we saddened everyone with our silence. |
| vosotros | apesadumbrasteis | El sábado, vosotros apesadumbrasteis a la abuela con esa discusión.On Saturday, you all saddened grandmother with that argument. |
| ellos | apesadumbraron | Hace poco, los recuerdos de invierno apesadumbraron a cualquiera que los escuche.Not long ago, the winter memories saddened anyone who listens to them. |
Pretérito Imperfecto
Imperfect
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | apesadumbraba | Antes, yo apesadumbraba a mi madre con esa noticia.Before, I used to sadden my mother with that news. |
| tú | apesadumbrabas | Por entonces, tú apesadumbrabas a tu amigo con esa carta.Back then, you used to sadden your friend with that letter. |
| él | apesadumbraba | En esa época, la noticia del hospital apesadumbraba a la familia entera en un minuto.At that time, the news from the hospital used to sadden the whole family in a minute. |
| nosotros | apesadumbrábamos | Cuando eso era normal, nosotros apesadumbrábamos a todos con nuestro silencio.When that was normal, we used to sadden everyone with our silence. |
| vosotros | apesadumbrabais | Hace años, vosotros apesadumbrabais a la abuela con esa discusión.Years ago, you all used to sadden grandmother with that argument. |
| ellos | apesadumbraban | En aquellos días, los recuerdos de invierno apesadumbraban a cualquiera que los escuche.In those days, the winter memories used to sadden anyone who listens to them. |
Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto
Past Perfect
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | había apesadumbrado | Cuando llegaste, yo ya había apesadumbrado a mi madre con esa noticia.When you arrived, I had already saddened my mother with that news. |
| tú | habías apesadumbrado | Para entonces, tú ya habías apesadumbrado a tu amigo con esa carta.By then, you had already saddened your friend with that letter. |
| él | había apesadumbrado | Al volver, la noticia del hospital ya había apesadumbrado a la familia entera en un minuto.When we came back, the news from the hospital had already saddened the whole family in a minute. |
| nosotros | habíamos apesadumbrado | Antes de hablarlo, nosotros ya habíamos apesadumbrado a todos con nuestro silencio.Before talking it through, we had already saddened everyone with our silence. |
| vosotros | habíais apesadumbrado | Cuando mirasteis otra vez, vosotros ya habíais apesadumbrado a la abuela con esa discusión.When you looked again, you all had already saddened grandmother with that argument. |
| ellos | habían apesadumbrado | Para ese momento, los recuerdos de invierno ya habían apesadumbrado a cualquiera que los escuche.By that moment, the winter memories had already saddened anyone who listens to them. |
Pretérito Anterior
Preterite Anterior
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | hube apesadumbrado | Apenas yo hube apesadumbrado a mi madre con esa noticia, todo cambió.As soon as I had saddened my mother with that news, everything changed. |
| tú | hubiste apesadumbrado | En cuanto tú hubiste apesadumbrado a tu amigo con esa carta, se notó.The moment you had saddened your friend with that letter, it showed. |
| él | hubo apesadumbrado | No bien la noticia del hospital hubo apesadumbrado a la familia entera en un minuto, hubo ruido.As soon as the news from the hospital had saddened the whole family in a minute, there was trouble. |
| nosotros | hubimos apesadumbrado | Tan pronto como nosotros hubimos apesadumbrado a todos con nuestro silencio, seguimos adelante.Once we had saddened everyone with our silence, we moved on. |
| vosotros | hubisteis apesadumbrado | Apenas vosotros hubisteis apesadumbrado a la abuela con esa discusión, mirasteis el resultado.As soon as you all had saddened grandmother with that argument, you checked the result. |
| ellos | hubieron apesadumbrado | En cuanto los recuerdos de invierno hubieron apesadumbrado a cualquiera que los escuche, el ambiente cambió.The moment the winter memories had saddened anyone who listens to them, the mood changed. |
Futuro
Future
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | apesadumbraré | Mañana, yo apesadumbraré a mi madre con esa noticia.Tomorrow, I will sadden my mother with that news. |
| tú | apesadumbrarás | Dentro de poco, tú apesadumbrarás a tu amigo con esa carta.Soon, you will sadden your friend with that letter. |
| él | apesadumbrará | Esta tarde, la noticia del hospital apesadumbrará a la familia entera en un minuto.This afternoon, the news from the hospital will sadden the whole family in a minute. |
| nosotros | apesadumbraremos | La semana que viene, nosotros apesadumbraremos a todos con nuestro silencio.Next week, we will sadden everyone with our silence. |
| vosotros | apesadumbraréis | Pronto, vosotros apesadumbraréis a la abuela con esa discusión.Before long, you all will sadden grandmother with that argument. |
| ellos | apesadumbrarán | Más adelante, los recuerdos de invierno apesadumbrarán a cualquiera que los escuche.Later on, the winter memories will sadden anyone who listens to them. |
Futuro Perfecto
Future Perfect
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | habré apesadumbrado | Para entonces, yo ya habré apesadumbrado a mi madre con esa noticia.By then, I will already have saddened my mother with that news. |
| tú | habrás apesadumbrado | Antes del cierre, tú ya habrás apesadumbrado a tu amigo con esa carta.Before closing time, you will already have saddened your friend with that letter. |
| él | habrá apesadumbrado | Al final del día, la noticia del hospital ya habrá apesadumbrado a la familia entera en un minuto.By the end of the day, the news from the hospital will already have saddened the whole family in a minute. |
| nosotros | habremos apesadumbrado | Para mañana, nosotros ya habremos apesadumbrado a todos con nuestro silencio.By tomorrow, we will already have saddened everyone with our silence. |
| vosotros | habréis apesadumbrado | Antes de iros, vosotros ya habréis apesadumbrado a la abuela con esa discusión.Before leaving, you all will already have saddened grandmother with that argument. |
| ellos | habrán apesadumbrado | Para esa hora, los recuerdos de invierno ya habrán apesadumbrado a cualquiera que los escuche.By that hour, the winter memories will already have saddened anyone who listens to them. |
Condicional
Conditional
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | apesadumbraría | En un caso así, yo apesadumbraría a mi madre con esa noticia.In a case like that, I would sadden my mother with that news. |
| tú | apesadumbrarías | Con un poco más de tiempo, tú apesadumbrarías a tu amigo con esa carta.With a little more time, you would sadden your friend with that letter. |
| él | apesadumbraría | En esa situación, la noticia del hospital apesadumbraría a la familia entera en un minuto.In that situation, the news from the hospital would sadden the whole family in a minute. |
| nosotros | apesadumbraríamos | Con ese panorama, nosotros apesadumbraríamos a todos con nuestro silencio.With that outlook, we would sadden everyone with our silence. |
| vosotros | apesadumbraríais | Llegado el caso, vosotros apesadumbraríais a la abuela con esa discusión.If it came to that, you all would sadden grandmother with that argument. |
| ellos | apesadumbrarían | En un día así, los recuerdos de invierno apesadumbrarían a cualquiera que los escuche.On a day like that, the winter memories would sadden anyone who listens to them. |
Condicional Perfecto
Conditional Perfect
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | habría apesadumbrado | En otro momento, yo habría apesadumbrado a mi madre con esa noticia.At another moment, I would have saddened my mother with that news. |
| tú | habrías apesadumbrado | Con un poco más de margen, tú habrías apesadumbrado a tu amigo con esa carta.With a little more margin, you would have saddened your friend with that letter. |
| él | habría apesadumbrado | A esas alturas, la noticia del hospital habría apesadumbrado a la familia entera en un minuto.By then, the news from the hospital would have saddened the whole family in a minute. |
| nosotros | habríamos apesadumbrado | Con ese giro, nosotros habríamos apesadumbrado a todos con nuestro silencio.With that turn, we would have saddened everyone with our silence. |
| vosotros | habríais apesadumbrado | Llegados ahí, vosotros habríais apesadumbrado a la abuela con esa discusión.At that point, you all would have saddened grandmother with that argument. |
| ellos | habrían apesadumbrado | En ese punto, los recuerdos de invierno habrían apesadumbrado a cualquiera que los escuche.From there, the winter memories would have saddened anyone who listens to them. |
Subjuntivo Presente
Present Subjunctive
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | apesadumbre | Es mejor que yo apesadumbre a mi madre con esa noticia.It is better that I sadden my mother with that news. |
| tú | apesadumbres | Hace falta que tú apesadumbres a tu amigo con esa carta.It is necessary that you sadden your friend with that letter. |
| él | apesadumbre | Conviene que la noticia del hospital apesadumbre a la familia entera en un minuto.It is wise that the news from the hospital sadden the whole family in a minute. |
| nosotros | apesadumbremos | Importa que nosotros apesadumbremos a todos con nuestro silencio.It matters that we sadden everyone with our silence. |
| vosotros | apesadumbréis | Puede ser útil que vosotros apesadumbréis a la abuela con esa discusión.It may help if you all sadden grandmother with that argument. |
| ellos | apesadumbren | Es posible que los recuerdos de invierno apesadumbren a cualquiera que los escuche.It is possible that the winter memories sadden anyone who listens to them. |
Subjuntivo Pretérito Perfecto
Present Perfect Subjunctive
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | haya apesadumbrado | Ojalá yo haya apesadumbrado a mi madre con esa noticia.Hopefully I have saddened my mother with that news. |
| tú | hayas apesadumbrado | Puede que tú ya hayas apesadumbrado a tu amigo con esa carta.Maybe you already have saddened your friend with that letter. |
| él | haya apesadumbrado | Tal vez la noticia del hospital haya apesadumbrado a la familia entera en un minuto.Perhaps the news from the hospital has saddened the whole family in a minute. |
| nosotros | hayamos apesadumbrado | Quizá nosotros ya hayamos apesadumbrado a todos con nuestro silencio.Maybe we already have saddened everyone with our silence. |
| vosotros | hayáis apesadumbrado | Es probable que vosotros hayáis apesadumbrado a la abuela con esa discusión.It is likely that you all have saddened grandmother with that argument. |
| ellos | hayan apesadumbrado | Puede ser que los recuerdos de invierno ya hayan apesadumbrado a cualquiera que los escuche.It may be that the winter memories already have saddened anyone who listens to them. |
Subjuntivo Pretérito Imperfecto
Imperfect Subjunctive
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | apesadumbrara | Si yo apesadumbrara a mi madre con esa noticia, se notaría enseguida.If I saddened my mother with that news, it would show right away. |
| tú | apesadumbraras | Si tú apesadumbraras a tu amigo con esa carta, costaría ocultarlo.If you saddened your friend with that letter, it would be hard to hide. |
| él | apesadumbrara | Si la noticia del hospital apesadumbrara a la familia entera en un minuto, daría mucho que hablar.If the news from the hospital saddened the whole family in a minute, it would give people plenty to talk about. |
| nosotros | apesadumbráramos | Si nosotros apesadumbráramos a todos con nuestro silencio, todo iría por otro lado.If we saddened everyone with our silence, everything would go another way. |
| vosotros | apesadumbrarais | Si vosotros apesadumbrarais a la abuela con esa discusión, cambiaría el ambiente.If you all saddened grandmother with that argument, the mood would change. |
| ellos | apesadumbraran | Si los recuerdos de invierno apesadumbraran a cualquiera que los escuche, la escena sería otra.If the winter memories saddened anyone who listens to them, the whole scene would be different. |
Subjuntivo Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto
Past Perfect Subjunctive
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | hubiera apesadumbrado | Si yo hubiera apesadumbrado a mi madre con esa noticia, aún se recordaría.If I had saddened my mother with that news, it would still be remembered. |
| tú | hubieras apesadumbrado | Si tú hubieras apesadumbrado a tu amigo con esa carta, eso habría dejado marca.If you had saddened your friend with that letter, that would have left a mark. |
| él | hubiera apesadumbrado | Si la noticia del hospital hubiera apesadumbrado a la familia entera en un minuto, todavía se hablaría de eso.If the news from the hospital had saddened the whole family in a minute, people would still be talking about it. |
| nosotros | hubiéramos apesadumbrado | Si nosotros hubiéramos apesadumbrado a todos con nuestro silencio, el día habría seguido otro rumbo.If we had saddened everyone with our silence, the day would have gone another way. |
| vosotros | hubierais apesadumbrado | Si vosotros hubierais apesadumbrado a la abuela con esa discusión, el cambio se habría notado antes.If you all had saddened grandmother with that argument, the change would have shown earlier. |
| ellos | hubieran apesadumbrado | Si los recuerdos de invierno hubieran apesadumbrado a cualquiera que los escuche, nada habría quedado igual.If the winter memories had saddened anyone who listens to them, nothing would have stayed the same. |
Subjuntivo Futuro
Future Subjunctive
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | apesadumbrare | Si yo apesadumbrare a mi madre con esa noticia, se notará enseguida.If I sadden my mother with that news, it will show right away. |
| tú | apesadumbrares | Si tú apesadumbrares a tu amigo con esa carta, costará ignorarlo.If you sadden your friend with that letter, it will be hard to ignore. |
| él | apesadumbrare | Si la noticia del hospital apesadumbrare a la familia entera en un minuto, dará mucho que hablar.If the news from the hospital saddens the whole family in a minute, it will give people plenty to talk about. |
| nosotros | apesadumbráremos | Si nosotros apesadumbráremos a todos con nuestro silencio, todo irá por otro camino.If we sadden everyone with our silence, everything will go another way. |
| vosotros | apesadumbrareis | Si vosotros apesadumbrareis a la abuela con esa discusión, el ambiente cambiará rápido.If you all sadden grandmother with that argument, the mood will change fast. |
| ellos | apesadumbraren | Si los recuerdos de invierno apesadumbraren a cualquiera que los escuche, la escena será distinta.If the winter memories sadden anyone who listens to them, the whole scene will be different. |
Subjuntivo Futuro Perfecto
Future Perfect Subjunctive
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | hubiere apesadumbrado | Cuando yo hubiere apesadumbrado a mi madre con esa noticia, ya se notará.When I have saddened my mother with that news, it will already show. |
| tú | hubieres apesadumbrado | En cuanto tú hubieres apesadumbrado a tu amigo con esa carta, será difícil no verlo.As soon as you have saddened your friend with that letter, it will be hard not to see. |
| él | hubiere apesadumbrado | Cuando la noticia del hospital hubiere apesadumbrado a la familia entera en un minuto, se verá de inmediato.When the news from the hospital has saddened the whole family in a minute, it will show at once. |
| nosotros | hubiéremos apesadumbrado | Si para entonces nosotros hubiéremos apesadumbrado a todos con nuestro silencio, todo irá de otra manera.If by then we have saddened everyone with our silence, everything will move differently. |
| vosotros | hubiereis apesadumbrado | Cuando vosotros hubiereis apesadumbrado a la abuela con esa discusión, el ambiente sonará distinto.When you all have saddened grandmother with that argument, the mood will sound different. |
| ellos | hubieren apesadumbrado | En cuanto los recuerdos de invierno hubieren apesadumbrado a cualquiera que los escuche, el cambio quedará claro.As soon as the winter memories have saddened anyone who listens to them, the change will be clear. |
Imperativo Afirmativo
Affirmative Imperative
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | - | - |
| tú | apesadumbra | apesadumbra a tu amigo con esa carta.Sadden your friend with that letter. |
| él | apesadumbre | Que la noticia del hospital apesadumbre a la familia entera en un minuto.Let the news from the hospital sadden the whole family in a minute. |
| nosotros | apesadumbremos | apesadumbremos a todos con nuestro silencio.Sadden everyone with our silence. |
| vosotros | apesadumbrad | apesadumbrad a la abuela con esa discusión.Sadden grandmother with that argument. |
| ellos | apesadumbren | Que los recuerdos de invierno apesadumbren a cualquiera que los escuche.Let the winter memories sadden anyone who listens to them. |
Imperativo Negativo
Negative Imperative
| Pronoun | Form | Context |
|---|---|---|
| yo | - | - |
| tú | no apesadumbres | No no apesadumbres a tu amigo con esa carta.Do not sadden your friend with that letter. |
| él | no apesadumbre | Que la noticia del hospital no no apesadumbre a la familia entera en un minuto.Let the news from the hospital not sadden the whole family in a minute. |
| nosotros | no apesadumbremos | No no apesadumbremos a todos con nuestro silencio.Let us not sadden everyone with our silence. |
| vosotros | no apesadumbréis | No no apesadumbréis a la abuela con esa discusión.Do not sadden grandmother with that argument. |
| ellos | no apesadumbren | Que los recuerdos de invierno no no apesadumbren a cualquiera que los escuche.Let the winter memories not sadden anyone who listens to them. |
Free web drill
Practice apesadumbrar
1 / 1
Presente•yo
Yo ___ a mi madre con esa noticia.
I sadden my mother with that news.
Need grammar help?How to form Presente
Use Presente for facts, habits, current states, and regular actions.
Formation
- 1Remove the infinitive ending: -ar, -er, or -ir.
- 2Add the present endings for the subject.
- 3Watch high-frequency irregulars like ser, estar, ir, tener, hacer, and decir.
Pattern
-ar: o, as, a, amos, áis, an-er: o, es, e, emos, éis, en-ir: o, es, e, imos, ís, en
Examples
hablar -> yo hablocomer -> él comevivir -> vosotros vivís
Presente is the base system. Master the endings first, then handle irregular yo forms and stem changes.
Grammar to master with apesadumbrar
Related Spanish grammar topics
Concepts that come up every time you conjugate apesadumbrar. Each is a short, focused guide.
Common questions
Apesadumbrar conjugation — frequently asked
Short, direct answers to what learners search most about apesadumbrar.
- What does 'apesadumbrar' mean in English?
- In Spanish, 'apesadumbrar' means to sadden. It is a regular -AR verb used across all 18 standard Spanish tenses.
- Is apesadumbrar an irregular verb in Spanish?
- Apesadumbrar is a regular -AR verb. Its endings follow the standard pattern in every tense without stem or root changes.
- How do you conjugate apesadumbrar in the present tense?
- Present tense (Presente) of apesadumbrar: yo apesadumbro, tú apesadumbras, él/ella/usted apesadumbra, nosotros apesadumbramos, vosotros apesadumbráis, ellos/ellas/ustedes apesadumbran.
- How do you conjugate apesadumbrar in the preterite?
- Preterite (Pretérito Indefinido) of apesadumbrar: yo apesadumbré, tú apesadumbraste, él/ella/usted apesadumbró, nosotros apesadumbramos, vosotros apesadumbrasteis, ellos/ellas/ustedes apesadumbraron. This tense expresses completed past actions at a defined point in time.
- What is the imperfect tense of apesadumbrar?
- Imperfect (Pretérito Imperfecto) of apesadumbrar: yo apesadumbraba, tú apesadumbrabas, él/ella/usted apesadumbraba, nosotros apesadumbrábamos, vosotros apesadumbrabais, ellos/ellas/ustedes apesadumbraban. The imperfect describes past habits, ongoing actions, and background states.
- What is the past participle of apesadumbrar?
- The past participle of apesadumbrar is 'apesadumbrado'. It is used to form compound tenses with the auxiliary verb haber — for example, 'he apesadumbrado' (I have saddened), 'has apesadumbrado', 'ha apesadumbrado'.
- What is the gerundio (present participle) of apesadumbrar?
- The gerundio of apesadumbrar is 'apesadumbrando'. It pairs with estar to form the present continuous (estoy apesadumbrando) and other progressive tenses, indicating an action in progress.
Related verbs
Continue with verbs that share the same ending and difficulty band.